Powerful volcanic eruptions produce ash plumes that can create their own weather systems, providing the conditions for lightning at higher altitudes than normally seen.

A Tongan volcano plume produced the most intense lightning rates ever...

Inner Earth. Credit: Gary Hincks/Science Photo Library

Earth’s solid metal sphere is ‘textured’

Dinosaur Photo: MICHAEL ROSSKOTHEN/MostPhotos

Dinosaurs were the first to take the perspectives of others

An artist’s impression of the pliosaur by Megan Jacobs, University of Portsmouth

Giants of the Jurassic seas were twice the size of a...

The strange ridges on the teeth indicate a specialised feeding strategy, however its diet remains a mystery. (Photo by Dr Nick Longrich)

Fossil of mosasaur with bizarre ‘screwdriver teeth’ found in Morocco

An MIT study of the freshwater greenfin darter fish suggests river erosion can be a driver of biodiversity in tectonically inactive regions. Credits: Image: Jose-Luis Olivares/MIT with fish photo by Isaac Szabo

River erosion can shape fish evolution

Eruption of Tonga underwater volcano found to disrupt satellite signals halfway around the world. Credit: ERG science center

Eruption of Tonga underwater volcano found to disrupt satellite signals halfway...

Annotated seismic cross-section of the Fontanelas volcano. Source: Pereira and Gamboa, 2023

Extinct offshore volcano could store gigatons of carbon dioxide

Metamorphosed banded iron formation from southern Wyoming showing deformation and folding. The rock is approximately 2.7 billion years old. Dark bands are iron oxides (magnetite, hematite) and yellow-orange bands are chert with iron oxide inclusions (jasper). (Photo by Linda Welzenbach-Fries/Rice University)

Iron-rich rocks unlock new insights into Earth’s planetary history

A microscope image from an experiment conducted for this study. The image contains glass (brown), large garnets (pink) and other small mineral crystals. The field of view is 410 microns wide, about size of a sugar crystal. Credit: Science (2023). DOI: 10.1126/science.ade3418

Study presents new clues about the rise of Earth’s continents

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