Rafinesquina, seen in this close-up shot, was an ancient genus of brachiopod belonging to order Strophomenida. This order survived two mass extinction events, but the second represented a ‘death sentence’ from which they were unable to recover diversity, persisting for another hundred million years as a ‘dead clade walking’ before their eventual extinction. IMAGE: Provided by Benjamin Barnes

New insights into mass extinctions

Bathymetric chart of a part of the Red Sea. Source GEOMAR.

Red Sea is no longer a baby ocean

Experimental setup for 3D seismic model.

3D printed models provide clearer understanding of ground motion

From left, University of Wyoming students Shane Scoggin, Adam Trzinski and Jessie Shields are part of new research investigating crustal melting in western North America. Here, they examine igneous rocks in the Snake Range of Nevada. Credit: Jay Chapman

Scientists probe mysterious melting of Earth’s crust in western North America

West Mato Volcano erupting in 2009, courtesy of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Energy unleashed by submarine volcanoes could power a continent

Over approximately 2.5 million years, North America likely hosted 2.5 billion Tyrannosaurus rexes, a minuscule proportion of which have been dug up and studied by paleontologists, according to a UC Berkeley study. (Image by Julius Csotonyi, courtesy of Science magazine)

How many T. rexes were there? Billions

The world's smallest stegosaur footprint (less than 6 cm long), Xingjiang, China. Photo credit - Lida Xing.

Tiny cat-sized stegosaur leaves its mark

Seismogram

Study reveals the workings of nature’s own earthquake blocker

Viti Crater (formed in the 1724 event), where the Iceland Deep Drilling Project accidentally drilled into magma in 2009. They were drilling there originally to explore the potential for geothermal energy. Credit: Shane Rooyakkers.

Hidden magma pools pose eruption risks that we can’t yet detect

The Xiamaling Formation in China, which contains fossilised algae from primeval times. Credit: © Don E. Canfield

A new look at evolution in the oceans

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