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Scientists use the deep-diving robot Jason to collect water samples from oceanic crust at a subseafloor observatory off the coast of Washington. A recent study found that a group of unusual microbes living below the seafloor provides clues to the evolution of life on Earth, and potentially other planets. Credit: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, courtesy of University of California, Santa Cruz, US National Science Foundation, ROV Jason dive J2-711, 2013, AT26-03 cruise chief scientist Andrew Fisher

Unusual microbes hold clues to early life

pillow basalts from undersea volcanic eruptions,

Researchers help define Southern Ocean’s geological features

The drumlins were formed by fast-moving ice floes instead of slow melting ice. Credit: WVU

Researchers unearth an ice age in the African desert

Carbon dioxide emissions can be securely stored in underground rocks, with minimal possibility of the gas escaping from fault lines back into the atmosphere, research by the University of Edinburgh has shown. Credit: Johannes Miocic

Fault lines are no barrier to safe storage of CO2 below...

Doctoral students Daniel Miller, in the water, with Helen Habicht and Benjamin Keisling, handle two recaptured sediment traps from an unusually deep lake in central Maine, where they collected 136 sediment samples spanning the 900-year time span to reconstruct the longest and highest-resolution climate record for the Northeastern United States to date.

Geoscientists reconstruct ‘eye-opening’ 900-year Northeastern U.S. climate record

Yellowstone National Park

Surviving one of Earth’s most extreme environments

Future climate analogs for the years 2020, 2050, 2100 and 2200 according to three well-established models. If greenhouse gas emissions are not curbed, the study says, the climate will continue to warm until it begins to resemble the Eocene in 2100. Credit: Courtesy of the authors

Humans may be reversing the climate clock, by 50 million years

Planktonic foraminifera, such as these collected in the Gulf of Mexico, form the base of many marine and aquatic food chains.

Climate, life and the movement of continents: New connections

The Indus civilization was the largest—but least known—of the first great urban cultures that also included Egypt and Mesopotamia. Named for one of their largest cities, the Harappans relied on river floods to fuel their agricultural surpluses. Today, numerous remains of the Harappan settlements are located in a vast desert region far from any flowing river.

Climate change likely caused migration, demise of ancient Indus Valley civilization

T, temperature; S, salinity; P, phosphate; N, nitrogen salt; Si, silicate; E, extracellular enzyme; POC, particulate organic carbon; DOC, dissolved organic carbon. Credit: ©Science China Press

Scientists propose that vibrios have significant roles in marine organic carbon...

Vavilov Ice Cap in the Russian High Arctic

Unprecedented ice loss in Russian ice cap

Natural magnesite crystal (4 microns wide).

Faster way to make mineral to remove carbon dioxide from atmosphere

Iron-silica particles helped shield cyanobacteria like these, which played a key role in the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere according to new research from UAlberta.

Iron-silica particles unlock part of the mystery of Earth’s oxygenation

Artistic depiction of early Earth blasted by solar system debris.

Chemical footprint in present-day atmosphere mimics that observed in ancient rock

biotite

Platinum is key in ancient volcanic related climate change

Continental plates around Greenland.

Icy Greenland’s heated geologic past

The Jeerinah Formation in Western Australia

Oxygen levels on early Earth rose, fell several times before great...

Herðubreið Volcano in Iceland

Minerology on Mars points to a cold and icy ancient climate

A conceptual rendering suggests how Earth's land elevations and oceans may have appeared during the assembly of Kenorland, left, and later, right, after the Great Oxygenation Event. A University of Oregon-led study has potentially narrowed the window on when significant amounts of land emerged from under the ocean's surface.

Land rising above the sea 2.4 billion years ago changed planet...

Localization and geometry of the "Unit 2" corresponding to the sediment body originated by the Zanclean mega flood.

Scientists find new evidences of the megaflood that ended the Messinian...

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