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Earthquakes send sound waves through the Earth. Seismograms record the echoes as those waves travel along the core-mantle boundary, diffracting and bending around dense rock structures. New research from University of Maryland provides the first broad view of these structures, revealing them to be much more widespread than previously known. Credit: Doyeon Kim/University of Maryland

Scientists detect unexpected widespread structures near Earth’s core

New Curtin University research on the remixing of Earth's stratified deep interior suggests that global plate tectonic processes, which played a pivotal role in the existence of life on Earth, started to operate at least 3.2 billion years ago. Credit: Professor Zheng-Xiang Li

Remixed mantle suggests early start of plate tectonics

The Brooks Range stretches across northern Alaska. Boreal forests in North America are among the largest areas experiencing a relatively low human impact. (Jason Riggio/UC Davis)

Half the earth relatively intact from global human influence

If ice once covered the entire planet, how did the transition take place and what does it say about Earth's climate? Credit: NASA Goddard photo

Researchers unlock clues to a dramatic chapter of Earth’s geological history

Study proves that magma chambers are huge masses of crystals with...

A schematic diagram of the Earth's deep oxygen factory shows the oxygenation and deoxygenation processes of hydrous mantle materials in the lower mantle across the ~1000 km depth beneath Earth's surface. Under the conditions of Earth's middle mantle, scientists discovered an oxygen-excess phase, (Mg,Fe)2O3+δ (0 < δ < 1) that can be formed with under-saturated water at >1000 kilometers depths. Those oxygen-excess materials may have long-termly oxidized the shallow mantle and the crust, which is essential to allow free oxygen to build up in Earth's atmosphere. Credit: Science China Press

Oxygen-excess oxides in Earth’s mid-mantle facilitate the ascent of deep oxygen

Earth

Earth’s lower mantle can be oxidized in the presence of water

The rising Earth from the perspective of the moon.

Project aims to create first 4-D maps of Earth’s mantle

Earth's mantle (dark red) lies below the crust (brown layer near the surface) and above the outer core (bright red).

The 12 questions earth scientists should ask in the next 10...

Researchers developed a technique that allows them to study the atomic arrangements of liquid silicates at the extreme conditions found in the core-mantle boundary. This could lead to a better understanding of the Earth's early molten days, which could even extend to other rocky planets. Credit: Greg Stewart/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Earth’s evolutionary tale, researchers probe materials at deep-Earth conditions

A new study of Earth's inner core used seismic data from repeating earthquakes, called doublets, to find that refracted waves, blue, rather than reflected waves, purple, change over time -- providing the best evidence yet that Earth's inner core is rotating. Credit: Michael Vincent

Growing mountains or shifting ground: What is going on in Earth’s...

Earth, core, mantle

Heavy iron isotopes leaking from Earth’s core

The inner core is likely composed of the hexagonal close packed phase of iron and located at the center of the Earth at pressures between 329 and 364 GPa and temperatures of ~5000 to ~6000 K. Credit: Ehime University

Is the Earth’s inner core oscillating and translating anomalously?

The early Earth was hotter than it is today and this affected the strength of the crust and mantle.

International study sheds new light on the transformation of the Earth’s...

Volcanic gas emissions in Northern Iceland

New geochemical tool reveals origin of Earth’s nitrogen

The team's experiments compared carbon's compatibility with the silicates that comprise the Earth's mantle (outer circle) to its compatibility with the iron that comprises the planet's core (inner circle) while under conditions mimicking the Earth's interior during its formative period. They found that more carbon would have stayed in the mantle than previously thought. Credit: Rebecca Fischer, Elizabeth Cottrell and Marion Le Voyer, Kanani Lee, and the late Erik Hauri.

Most of Earth’s carbon was hidden in the core during its...

Arial view of the Bungle Bungle range, May 2016. Credit: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Nichollas Harrison

How the Bungle Bungles got their stripes

Earth

Earth’s Mantle, Not Its Core, May Have Generated Planet’s Early Magnetic...

The rocks the team analysed are the oldest preserved mantle rocks. They allow us to see into the early history of the Earth as if through a window. Credit: UNSW

Building blocks for life on Earth arrived much later than we...

The grey line in the rock, running from the foreground away under the boulder towards the mountains, is one of the shear zones from the study area. Credit: Lucy Campbell

‘Fossil earthquakes’ offer new insight into seismic activity deep below Earth’s...

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