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Two of the fossils sampled for the study with the fossil melanosomes found in each fossil (scanning electron microscope images). Scaniacypselus to the left and Primotrogon to the right. Melanosome shape varies in the different samples, and is indicative of color. The sample furthest to the left was predicted to be iridescent. Credit: Photographs of Scaniacypselus and Primotrogon by Jakob Vinther and Fiann Smithwick.

Scientists discover how birds and dinosaurs evolved to dazzle with colourful...

This is a drawing of the extinct Australian giant short-faced kangaroo Simosthenurus occidentalis, part of the Sthenurinae sub-family.

Tiny Australian wallaby the last living link to extinct giant kangaroos

A nematode (eukaryote) in a biofilm of microorganisms. This unidentified nematode (Poikilolaimus sp.) from Kopanang gold mine in South Africa, lives 1.4 km below the surface. Credit: Gaetan Borgonie, Extreme Life Isyensya, Belgium

Life in Deep Earth totals 15 to 23 billion tons of...

Volgatitan simbirskiensis anterior caudal vertebra

Scientists find new giant dinosaur

A fossil trilobite with its complex eye

Enhancing our vision of the past

Spectacular soft-tissue fossil

Soft tissue shows Jurassic ichthyosaur was warm-blooded, had blubber and camouflage

Main slab of Pengornithid Enantiornithine

Medullary bone found in Cretaceous birds

Cyanobacteria up close

Oxygen could have been available to life as early as 3.5...

This is an artistic reconstruction of a mother and calf of Maiabalaena nesbittae nursing offshore of Oregon during the Oligocene, about 33 million years ago.

Whales lost their teeth before evolving hair-like baleen in their mouths

Teilhardina brandti

Oldest-known ancestor of modern primates may have come from North America,...

For her research Witkowski collected seawater with fresh, modern algae to test potential indicators of the past.

Fossil algae reveal 500 million years of climate change

Mosquitoes in the amber.

Blood-sucking flies have been spreading malaria for 100 million years

During the Triassic period (252-201 million years ago) mammal-like reptiles called therapsids co-existed with ancestors to dinosaurs, crocodiles, mammals, pterosaurs, turtles, frogs, and lizards.

Gigantic mammal ‘cousin’ discovered

Field photograph of massive flowstone layers from one of the South African hominin caves, with red cave sediments underneath.

Evolution: South Africa’s hominin record is a fair-weather friend

A fossil tooth of a hippo (Hippopotamus amphibius) (left) and a fossil tooth of a white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) (right) , two of the few surviving megaherbivores, from the Late Pleistocene of western Kenya (left).

Human ancestors not to blame for ancient mammal extinctions in Africa

two fossilized dinosaur skeletons found on a Montana

Fight over dinosaur fossils comes down to what’s a mineral

Dinosaur reconstructions by Dr Anthony Romilio

Tiny raptor tracks lead to big discovery

Planktonic foraminifera, such as these collected in the Gulf of Mexico, form the base of many marine and aquatic food chains.

Climate, life and the movement of continents: New connections

A reconstruction of the Eocene of Turkey, where the small marsupial was found. Besides the marsupials, the fauna includes embrithopods (the rhino-like animals of the background, more related to elephants and sea cows), pleuraspidotheriids (primitive ungulates with a deer/dog look), a group of primates called omomyids, bats, tortoises and crocodiles. Credit: Oscar Sanisidro | University of Kansas

Deep-time evolution of animal life on islands

Lijinganthus revoluta

Ancient flower fossil points to core eudicot boom 99 million years...

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